1. Manzushir Monastery ruin
Manzushir Monastery, also known as Manjusri Monastery, is a historic Buddhist monastery located in the Töv Province of Mongolia. Here are some key details about Manzushir Monastery:
- Location: Manzushir Monastery is situated in the Bogd Khan Mountain range, specifically in the southern part of the Bogd Khan National Park, which is near the capital city, Ulaanbaatar.
- Foundation: The monastery was originally established in 1733 by the order of the Manzushir Hiid, a prominent figure in Mongolian Buddhism. The monastery complex served as both a religious and educational center.
- Destruction and Restoration: Like many other religious institutions in Mongolia, Manzushir Monastery suffered during the anti-religious campaigns of the 1930s. The monastery was destroyed, and many of its religious artifacts were lost. In recent years, there have been efforts to restore and partially reconstruct some of the monastery’s structures.
- Architectural Features: The original monastery complex included various buildings, including temples, stupas, and residences for monks. The architecture reflects a mix of Tibetan, Chinese, and Mongolian influences.
- Natural Setting: Manzushir Monastery is located in a picturesque setting, surrounded by the natural beauty of the Bogd Khan Mountain. The area offers hiking opportunities, and visitors can enjoy the serene atmosphere while exploring the historical ruins.
- Museum: Today, there is a museum at the site that provides information about the history of Manzushir Monastery, the impact of historical events on Mongolian Buddhism, and the ongoing restoration efforts.
Visiting Manzushir Monastery offers a chance to explore the historical and cultural aspects of Mongolian Buddhism, witness the stunning natural surroundings, and learn about the challenges and resilience of religious institutions in the region.
2. Gorhi Terelj National Park
Gorkhi Terelj National Park is a popular national park located in the Töv Province of Mongolia, not far from the capital city Ulaanbaatar. Here are some key details about Gorkhi Terelj National Park:
- Location: Gorkhi Terelj National Park is situated approximately 55 kilometers northeast of Ulaanbaatar, making it easily accessible for day trips or short excursions from the capital.
- Landscape: The park is known for its diverse and picturesque landscapes, featuring rocky formations, alpine meadows, dense forests, and the Terelj River. The granite rock formations and the lush greenery contribute to the park’s natural beauty.
- Activities: The park offers a variety of outdoor activities, including hiking, horseback riding, rock climbing, and camping. The Terelj River is also suitable for rafting during certain times of the year.
- Turtle Rock (Melkhii Khad): One of the iconic rock formations in the park is known as Turtle Rock due to its resemblance to a turtle. It’s a popular spot for visitors and often included in tours of the area.
- Aryabal Meditation Temple: Situated in a serene location, Aryabal Meditation Temple is a notable attraction within the park. Visitors can climb the stairs to reach the temple and enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.
- Nomadic Culture: Gorkhi Terelj National Park provides opportunities for visitors to experience Mongolian nomadic culture. Tourists can stay in traditional Mongolian gers (yurts) and interact with local herders.
- Wildlife: The park is home to various species of wildlife, including marmots, deer, and diverse bird species. Birdwatchers may find the area interesting for observing both resident and migratory birds.
- Winter Activities: In winter, Gorkhi Terelj National Park transforms into a winter wonderland, and activities such as dog sledding and ice skating become popular.
The accessibility, natural beauty, and range of activities make Gorkhi Terelj National Park a sought-after destination for both local and international tourists seeking outdoor adventures and a taste of Mongolian nature and culture.
3. Chinggis Khan Statue - Tsonjin Boldog
The Chinggis Khan Statue, also known as the Genghis Khan Statue, is a prominent monument located at Tsonjin Boldog, near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Here are some key details about the Chinggis Khan Statue:
- Location: The Chinggis Khan Statue Complex is situated at Tsonjin Boldog, approximately 54 kilometers east of Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia.
- Size and Construction: The monument is an enormous equestrian statue of Genghis Khan, the founder of the Mongol Empire. It stands at a height of 40 meters (131 feet) and is mounted on a 10-meter-tall base. The statue is made of stainless steel and was inaugurated in 2008.
- Symbolism: The Chinggis Khan Statue is symbolic of Mongolia’s historical and cultural heritage. It commemorates the achievements and legacy of Genghis Khan, who is a revered figure in Mongolian history.
- Museum Complex: The base of the statue houses a museum complex that provides insights into the life and accomplishments of Genghis Khan and the history of the Mongol Empire. Visitors can explore exhibits, artifacts, and displays related to Mongolian history and culture.
- Viewing Platform: Visitors can take an elevator to the top of the statue, where there is a viewing platform. From there, one can enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes, including the vast Mongolian steppe.
- Tourist Attraction: The Chinggis Khan Statue Complex has become a popular tourist destination, attracting both domestic and international visitors. It offers a blend of historical exploration, cultural insights, and scenic views.
- Surrounding Area: Tsonjin Boldog, where the statue is located, is historically significant as it is believed to be the spot where Genghis Khan found a golden whip. The area is also surrounded by natural landscapes, making it an appealing destination for those interested in both history and nature.
The Chinggis Khan Statue stands as a tribute to one of Mongolia’s most iconic historical figures and serves as a symbol of national pride. It has become a notable landmark and a must-visit site for travelers exploring the cultural and historical heritage of Mongolia.
4. Hustai National Park
Hustai National Park, also known as Khustain Nuruu National Park, is a protected area located in the Töv Province of Mongolia, not far from the capital city Ulaanbaatar. Here are some key details about the park:
- Location: Hustai National Park is situated approximately 100 kilometers southwest of Ulaanbaatar. It is part of the Khustain Nuruu mountain range.
- Establishment: The park was established in 1993 with the goal of preserving and reintroducing the Przewalski’s horse, also known as the Takhi or Mongolian wild horse, to its native habitat. The Przewalski’s horse is the only true wild horse species surviving today.
- Flora and Fauna: In addition to the Przewalski’s horse, Hustai National Park is home to a variety of other wildlife, including red deer, marmots, ibex, and numerous bird species. The park’s landscapes include steppes, mountains, and river valleys.
- Takhi (Przewalski’s Horse) Reintroduction: The park has been successful in its efforts to reintroduce the Takhi to the wild. The horses roam freely in the park, and visitors have the opportunity to observe these magnificent creatures in their natural habitat.
- Conservation and Research: Besides the focus on the Takhi, Hustai National Park is involved in conservation efforts, environmental research, and biodiversity protection. It serves as an important area for studying and preserving Mongolia’s unique ecosystems.
- Visitor Center: The park has a visitor center that provides information about the flora, fauna, and conservation efforts. Visitors can learn about the history of the Przewalski’s horse and the park’s role in its conservation.
- Tourism and Activities: Hustai National Park is a popular destination for ecotourism and wildlife enthusiasts. Visitors can take guided tours to observe the wild horses, hike in the park, and enjoy the natural beauty of the Mongolian countryside.
Hustai National Park stands as an important conservation area and showcases Mongolia’s commitment to preserving its natural heritage, particularly the critically endangered Przewalski’s horse. It has become a significant destination for those interested in wildlife conservation and ecotourism in Mongolia.
5. Khugnu Khan Mountain National Park - Elsen Tasarhai - semi gobi
Khugnu Khan Mountain National Park is a popular destination for both local and international tourists, offering a diverse range of landscapes and activities. It provides a glimpse into Mongolia’s natural beauty and nomadic heritage.
- Location: Khugnu Khan Mountain National Park is located in the Bulgan Province of Mongolia, approximately 280 kilometers southwest of Ulaanbaatar, the capital city.
- Landscape: The park is known for its diverse landscapes, including rocky mountains, sand dunes, and steppe areas. The area is often referred to as Semi Gobi due to its resemblance to the Gobi Desert, despite being outside the traditional Gobi Desert region.
- Khugnu Khan Mountain: The park is named after Khugnu Khan, a mountain that stands at an elevation of around 1,968 meters. The mountain is a prominent feature in the park and offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes.
- Elsen Tasarhai Sand Dunes: One of the highlights of Khugnu Khan National Park is the Elsen Tasarhai sand dunes. These dunes stretch for several kilometers and create a unique contrast with the surrounding rocky and mountainous terrain.
- Activities: The park is a popular destination for outdoor activities, including hiking, trekking, and camel riding. Visitors can explore the sand dunes, climb Khugnu Khan Mountain, and enjoy the natural beauty of the area.
- Flora and Fauna: The park supports a variety of plant and animal species adapted to the semi-arid environment. Visitors may encounter wildlife such as wild sheep, gazelles, and various bird species.
- Cultural and Historical Sites: In addition to its natural attractions, Khugnu Khan Mountain National Park has historical and cultural significance. There are ancient rock carvings, burial mounds, and ruins of Buddhist temples that reflect the area’s rich history.
Ger Camps: Visitors have the opportunity to stay in traditional Mongolian gers (yurts) in the park. This provides a unique experience of traditional nomadic living while enjoying the natural surroundings.
6. Karakorum and Erdene Zuu monastery
Karakorum:
- Historical Capital: Karakorum was the capital of the Mongol Empire in the 13th century. It was established by Genghis Khan in 1220 and served as the political, economic, and cultural center of the empire.
- Strategic Location: Karakorum’s location was strategically chosen at the crossroads of major trade routes and had a diverse population representing different cultures and ethnicities.
- City Layout: The city was organized with a central plaza surrounded by administrative buildings, markets, and residential areas. Unfortunately, much of the city was later destroyed, and its ruins are now visible at the site.
Erdene Zuu Monastery:
- Foundation: Erdene Zuu Monastery, meaning “Hundred Treasures,” was established in 1585 on the ruins of Karakorum by Abtai Sain Khan, a local ruler.
- First Buddhist Monastery: Erdene Zuu is considered the first Buddhist monastery in Mongolia. It played a crucial role in preserving Buddhist culture during periods of political change.
- Architectural Style: The monastery combines elements of Tibetan, Chinese, and Mongolian architectural styles. It features a large wall with 108 stupas and three main temples.
- Destruction and Restoration: During the anti-religious campaigns in the 1930s, many of Erdene Zuu’s temples were destroyed. However, some parts were preserved, and restoration efforts have been ongoing since the 1990s.
Visiting Karakorum and Erdene Zuu Monastery provides a glimpse into Mongolia’s rich history, particularly during the time of the Mongol Empire and the subsequent development of Buddhism in the region. These sites are significant cultural and historical landmarks and are often included in the itineraries of tourists exploring central Mongolia.
7. Musuem of Khoshoo Tsaidam
In the early 8th century, the Göktürks left an indelible mark on the Orkhon Valley, present-day Mongolia, through the creation of the Orkhon inscriptions. These revered memorials, also recognized as the Orhon inscriptions, Orhun inscriptions, Khöshöö Tsaidam monuments (alternatively spelled Khoshoo Tsaidam, Koshu-Tsaidam, or Höshöö Caidam), or the Kul Tigin steles, stand as a testament to the Turkic legacy.
Crafted in the Old Turkic alphabet, these installations pay homage to two distinguished Turkic princes, Kul Tigin and his brother Bilge Khagan. The inscriptions, presented in both Chinese and Old Turkic, weave a narrative that spans the mythical origins of the Turks, recounting the zenith of their history and their subjugation under the Tang dynasty. The intricate storytelling embedded in the inscriptions even delves into their eventual liberation orchestrated by Ilterish Qaghan.
A notable feature of these inscriptions is the presence of rhythmic and parallelistic passages, reminiscent of the eloquence found in epic tales. This characteristic adds a poetic dimension to the historical narrative, enhancing the cultural richness encapsulated within the Orkhon inscriptions.
8. Ugii Lake
Ugii Lake is a beautiful freshwater spot situated at 1,337 meters above sea level. The largest in the mountain steppes, stretching 7 km by 5 km and reaching a depth of 15 meters. It is 360 km to the west of Ulaanbaatar, 80 km northeast of Kharkhorin, 95 km northwest of the Elsentasarkhai semi-desert, and 130 km from Tseserleg town in Arkhangai province.
it’s well-known for its diverse bird and fish life, including pike, catfish, and barscharten, yielding an annual catch of 50 to 80 tons. The bird population is equally impressive, featuring Swan Goose, White Spoonbill, and Dalmatian Pelican sightings.
9. Tovkhon Monastery
Tovkhon Monastery, also known as Tovkhon Khiid, is a significant Buddhist monastery located on the slopes of the Shireet Ulaan Uul mountain in the Khangai Mountains of central Mongolia. The monastery is situated in the Khangai Nuruu National Park and holds both religious and historical importance.
Here are some key details about Tovkhon Monastery:
- Location: Tovkhon Monastery is located in the Khangai Nuruu National Park, about 70 kilometers northwest of the town of Kharkhorin.
- Historical Significance: The monastery was established in 1651 by Zanabazar, the first Jebtsundamba Khutughtu and a prominent spiritual leader in Mongolian history. Zanabazar is renowned for his role in promoting Buddhism in Mongolia and for his artistic contributions.
- Setting: Tovkhon Monastery is situated in a picturesque and remote location on the slopes of the Shireet Ulaan Uul mountain. The monastery is surrounded by pristine nature, including lush forests and scenic landscapes.
- Cave of Zanabazar: One of the notable features of Tovkhon Monastery is the small cave where Zanabazar is said to have meditated and created some of his artistic works. This cave is considered a sacred and spiritually significant site.
- Religious Practices: Tovkhon Monastery has served as a place for meditation and religious practices. The complex includes a main temple building, meditation chambers, and other structures that reflect the architectural style of Mongolian monasteries.
- Accessibility: Access to Tovkhon Monastery involves a hike or horse trekking journey from the base of the mountain. The path to the monastery provides stunning views of the surrounding landscapes.
Tovkhon Monastery is not only a place of religious importance but also a site that attracts visitors for its historical, cultural, and natural significance. It offers a unique and serene environment for those interested in exploring Mongolia’s rich spiritual heritage and enjoying the tranquility of the mountainous landscape.
10. Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape - UNESCO registered world heritage site
The 121,967-ha Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape encompasses an extensive area of pastureland on both banks of the Orkhon River and includes numerous archaeological remains dating back to the 6th century. The site also includes Kharkhorum, the 13th- and 14th-century capital of Chingis (Genghis) Khan’s vast Empire. Collectively the remains in the site reflect the symbiotic links between nomadic, pastoral societies and their administrative and religious centres, and the importance of the Orkhon valley in the history of central Asia. The grassland is still grazed by Mongolian nomadic pastoralists.
11. Orkhon Waterfall
The Orkhon Waterfall is a notable natural attraction in Mongolia, located on the Orkhon River in the Kharkhorin soum (district) of the Uvurkhangai Province. The waterfall is part of the Orkhon River Valley, which has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Here are some key details about the Orkhon Waterfall:
- Location: The Orkhon Waterfall is situated in the Orkhon Valley, which is known for its scenic beauty and cultural significance. The Orkhon River flows through the valley, and the waterfall is a prominent feature along its course.
- Height and Formation: The Orkhon Waterfall is approximately 20 meters (66 feet) in height. It is created by volcanic rocks and boulders, and the river cascades over the edge, creating a stunning natural spectacle.
- Cultural Importance: The Orkhon Valley is rich in cultural history and was once the seat of the Orkhon Uighur Empire. The valley has numerous archaeological sites, including ancient Turkish stone monuments known as khurts (steles). The area reflects Mongolia’s nomadic traditions and has been recognized for its cultural significance.
- Surrounding Landscape: The waterfall is surrounded by lush landscapes, grassy plains, and hills, making it not only a visually striking natural feature but also an inviting setting for outdoor activities and exploration.
- Tourism and Activities: The Orkhon Waterfall is a popular destination for tourists, and visitors often engage in activities such as hiking, horseback riding, and camping in the surrounding areas. The waterfall and the Orkhon Valley provide a tranquil and scenic environment for nature lovers.
The Orkhon Waterfall and the Orkhon Valley are integral parts of Mongolia’s natural and cultural heritage, attracting both domestic and international visitors who wish to experience the beauty and history of the region.
12. Huisiin Naiman Nuur lake
Khuisiin Naiman Nuur, also known as the Eight Lakes, is a picturesque group of lakes located in the Arkhangai Province of central Mongolia. This natural wonder is situated within the Khangai Nuruu National Park, surrounded by mountains and pristine landscapes.
Here are some key features and information about Khuisiin Naiman Nuur:
- Formation: Khuisiin Naiman Nuur was formed by volcanic activity thousands of years ago. The eight lakes are interconnected and vary in size, creating a stunning and harmonious natural setting.
- Location: The lakes are situated at an altitude of approximately 2,400 meters above sea level, nestled within the Khangai Mountains. The remote and serene location contributes to the area’s beauty and tranquility.
- Landscape: The surrounding landscape includes alpine meadows, forests, and diverse flora and fauna. The area is known for its pristine nature and is home to various species of wildlife.
- Cultural Significance: Khuisiin Naiman Nuur holds cultural significance, and there are often local legends and stories associated with the lakes. The lakes are considered sacred by the local people.
- Activities: Visitors to Khuisiin Naiman Nuur can engage in activities such as hiking, horseback riding, and camping. The lakes offer a peaceful environment for those seeking to connect with nature.
- Access: The lakes are accessible by horse or foot trekking, and the journey to reach them involves traversing through beautiful landscapes. The remoteness of the location adds to the sense of adventure for those exploring the area.
Khuisiin Naiman Nuur is a hidden gem in Mongolia, offering a unique and pristine natural environment. It is often visited by nature enthusiasts, trekkers, and those seeking a tranquil escape in the heart of Mongolia.
13. Tsenkher Hot Spring
Tsenkher Hot Spring is a well-known natural hot spring in Mongolia. It is located in the Arkhangai Province, approximately 30 kilometers northwest of Tsetserleg, the provincial capital. The hot spring is situated in a beautiful valley surrounded by mountains.
Tsenkher Hot Spring is renowned for its therapeutic properties, and many people visit the area to enjoy the relaxing and rejuvenating effects of its mineral-rich waters. The spring’s temperature ranges from 86 to 96 degrees Celsius (186 to 205 degrees Fahrenheit), making it an ideal destination for those seeking a soothing hot bath in a natural setting.
In addition to the hot spring, the surrounding area offers picturesque landscapes, making Tsenkher a popular stop for travelers exploring the diverse attractions of Mongolia. Many visitors choose to camp or stay in nearby ger camps to fully immerse themselves in the natural beauty and tranquility of the region.
14. Tsetserleg city
Tsetserleg is the center town of the Arkhangai Province in central Mongolia. It is situated in a picturesque valley along the Tsetserleg River and is surrounded by the Khangai Mountains. Tsetserleg is known for its scenic landscapes and is a popular destination for travelers exploring the central regions of Mongolia.
Key features and attractions in and around Tsetserleg include:
- Zayaiin Gegeenten Monastery: A historic Buddhist monastery located on the northern edge of the city, offering panoramic views of Tsetserleg.
- Arkhangai Museum: Showcasing the cultural and historical heritage of the Arkhangai Province, the museum provides insights into the nomadic lifestyle, traditional crafts, and local history.
- Tsenkher Hot Spring: As mentioned earlier, Tsetserleg is in proximity to the Tsenkher Hot Spring, a natural hot spring known for its therapeutic properties.
- Nomad Markets: Tsetserleg hosts vibrant local markets where you can experience the daily life of the nomadic people, purchase handmade crafts, and sample traditional Mongolian cuisine.
- Scenic Surroundings: The city is surrounded by lush meadows, rivers, and mountains, making it an ideal location for hiking, horse riding, and enjoying the natural beauty of Mongolia.
Tsetserleg serves as a central hub for travelers exploring the Arkhangai Province, offering a mix of cultural experiences and opportunities to connect with the stunning landscapes of central Mongolia.
15. Khorgo Terkhiin Tsagaan Nuur national park
Khorgo-Terkhiin Tsagaan Nuur National Park is a protected area located in the Arkhangai Province of central Mongolia. The park is named after two main features within its boundaries: the Khorgo volcano and the Terkhiin Tsagaan Nuur (Great White Lake).
Key features and information about Khorgo-Terkhiin Tsagaan Nuur National Park include:
- Khorgo Volcano: The Khorgo volcano is a dormant volcano that stands at an elevation of 2,240 meters. Visitors can hike to the summit for panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes. The volcano’s lava field and unique geological formations are significant attractions.
- Terkhiin Tsagaan Nuur (Great White Lake): This freshwater lake is known for its stunning beauty and is surrounded by mountains. The lake gets its name from the calcified sand and clay that gives its shores a white appearance. It’s a popular destination for camping, fishing, and enjoying the natural scenery.
- Flora and Fauna: The national park is home to diverse flora and fauna. The landscapes range from alpine meadows to lush forests, providing habitats for various plant and animal species. The park is part of the Khangai Nuruu mountain range.
- Cultural and Historical Sites: In addition to its natural beauty, the national park also has cultural and historical significance. There are ancient rock paintings, burial mounds, and other archaeological sites that reflect the area’s rich history.
- Activities: Visitors to Khorgo-Terkhiin Tsagaan Nuur National Park can engage in a variety of outdoor activities, including hiking, horseback riding, bird watching, and exploring the unique geological formations.
The national park is a popular destination for both domestic and international tourists, offering a combination of scenic landscapes, geological wonders, and cultural experiences in the heart of Mongolia.
