CategoriesDestinations By user

Western Mongolia

1. Altai Tavan Bogd National Park

Altai Tavan Bogd National Park is a protected area located in the far-western part of Mongolia, near the borders with China and Russia. The name “Altai Tavan Bogd” translates to “Five Saints of Altai,” referring to the five top peaks in the Altai Mountains that are within the park. This national park is renowned for its stunning natural beauty, diverse landscapes, and cultural significance.

Key features and information about Altai Tavan Bogd National Park include:

  • Altai Mountains: The park is situated in the Altai Mountain range, a vast and rugged mountainous region that spans across Mongolia, China, Kazakhstan, and Russia. The Altai Mountains are known for their snow-capped peaks, glaciers, and alpine landscapes.
  • Five Holy Peaks: The Tavan Bogd massif consists of five main peaks: Khuiten Uul, Nairamdal Uul, Malchin Uul, Bürged Uul, and Ulgii Uul. Khuiten Uul is the highest peak in Mongolia, reaching an elevation of 4,374 meters (14,350 feet).
  • Glacial Lakes: The park is home to several glacial lakes, adding to the scenic beauty of the area. These lakes, including Khoton Nuur and Khurgan Nuur, are surrounded by picturesque landscapes and provide habitat for various bird species.
  • Cultural Significance: Altai Tavan Bogd National Park has cultural significance as it is located near the borders of Mongolia, China, and Russia. The region has been historically used by nomadic herders, and there are petroglyphs and ancient rock carvings in the area that reflect the region’s rich cultural history.
  • Outdoor Activities: The park attracts outdoor enthusiasts interested in activities such as trekking, mountaineering, horseback riding, and camping. The diverse landscapes offer opportunities for adventure and exploration.
  • Wildlife: Altai Tavan Bogd is home to a variety of wildlife, including snow leopards, ibex, argali sheep, and golden eagles. The park contributes to the conservation of these species and their habitats.

2. Uvs Lake

Uvs Lake is a large, shallow, and highly saline lake located in the western part of Mongolia. It is situated in the Uvs Province, which shares borders with both Russia and Tuva (a region of Russia).

  • Ecological Significance: Uvs Lake and the surrounding Ubsunur Hollow are designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site due to their ecological importance. The area is recognized for its diverse landscapes, including the lake, mountains, steppes, and forests, supporting a rich variety of plant and animal species.
  • Size and Salinity: Uvs Lake is one of the largest lakes in Mongolia, covering an area of about 3,350 square kilometers. It is relatively shallow with an average depth of around 6 meters. The lake is known for its high salinity, and it has no outlet, making it an endorheic basin.
  • Wildlife: The Uvs Lake area is crucial for the conservation of biodiversity. It serves as a habitat for various bird species, including migratory birds. The lake is an essential breeding ground for a number of waterfowl. The Uvs Nuur Basin is also home to several endangered and rare species such as snow leopards, wild sheep (argali), and Siberian ibex.
  • Cultural Significance: The region around Uvs Lake has cultural significance as well. Nomadic herders, particularly the Tuvinian people, have traditionally inhabited the area, practicing traditional forms of pastoralism.
  • UNESCO World Heritage Site: Uvs Lake and the surrounding area were designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2003 as a transboundary site shared between Mongolia and Russia. The recognition is based on the outstanding natural values and ecological diversity found in the region.

The protection and conservation of Uvs Lake are crucial to maintaining the ecological balance and preserving the unique landscapes and biodiversity of the area. It’s also a site of importance for researchers, conservationists, and those interested in experiencing Mongolia’s diverse ecosystems.

3. Eagle hunters

Eagle hunting, or falconry, is a traditional form of hunting practiced by the Kazakh people, particularly in western Mongolia, near the Altai Mountains. The individuals who practice eagle hunting are often referred to as eagle hunters.

Key points about eagle hunters in Mongolia include:

  • Tradition and Culture: Eagle hunting has a long history and is deeply rooted in the nomadic culture of the Kazakh people in Mongolia. It is a traditional way of hunting that has been passed down through generations.
  • The Golden Eagle: The hunters train and use golden eagles for hunting. Golden eagles are large, powerful birds of prey that are well-suited for hunting in the mountainous and rugged terrain of Mongolia.
  • Hunting with Eagles: Eagle hunters typically hunt with their eagles during the winter months when they can take advantage of the frozen landscape. The eagles are trained to hunt foxes, hares, and other small mammals.
  • Training Process: Training an eagle is a time-consuming and skillful process. The bond between the eagle and the hunter is crucial, and the training involves getting the eagle accustomed to the presence of the hunter, following commands, and hunting in collaboration.
  • Eagle Festivals: Eagle hunting has gained international attention, and there are annual festivals, such as the Golden Eagle Festival in Bayan-Ölgii Province, where eagle hunters showcase their skills. These festivals often include competitions and demonstrations of eagle hunting techniques.
  • Cultural Preservation: Eagle hunting is considered an important aspect of the cultural heritage of the Kazakh people in Mongolia. Efforts are made to preserve and promote this tradition, ensuring that the skills and knowledge are passed down to younger generations.
  • Tourism: Due to the unique and fascinating nature of eagle hunting, it has become a draw for tourists interested in experiencing traditional Mongolian culture. However, it’s important to approach interactions with eagle hunters respectfully and ethically, recognizing the cultural significance of the practice.

Eagle hunting in Mongolia is a captivating blend of tradition, skill, and a deep connection between humans and nature. The practice continues to be an integral part of the cultural identity of the Kazakh people in the region.



4. Ulgii city

Ulgii or Ölgii, which is a city in the Bayan-Ölgii Province of western Mongolia. It is the capital of Bayan-Ölgii, which is known for its predominantly Kazakh population and its unique cultural characteristics.

  • Kazakh Culture: Bayan-Ölgii is home to a significant population of Kazakhs, and the culture in this region reflects the traditions and customs of the Kazakh people. This includes practices such as eagle hunting, traditional music, and yurt-dwelling nomadic life.
  • Eagle Hunting: Ölgii is known for hosting the annual Golden Eagle Festival, a celebration of the ancient tradition of eagle hunting. The festival attracts participants and visitors from around the world who come to witness the skillful displays of eagle hunters and their majestic golden eagles.
  • Mountains and Scenery: The city is surrounded by picturesque landscapes, including the Altai Mountains. The region is known for its stunning natural beauty, and outdoor enthusiasts often visit for activities such as trekking, horseback riding, and experiencing nomadic life.
  • Nomadic Lifestyle: Bayan-Ölgii is one of the few places in Mongolia where the traditional nomadic lifestyle is still prevalent. Nomadic herders raise livestock, including horses, yaks, and camels, and move with the seasons to find suitable grazing areas.
  • Local Markets: Ölgii has local markets where you can experience the vibrant atmosphere and purchase traditional Kazakh crafts, textiles, and souvenirs. The markets are also a place to observe daily life and interact with the local community.
  • Ethnic Diversity: While the majority of the population in Bayan-Ölgii is Kazakh, there are also other ethnic groups, including Tuvans and Uzbeks, contributing to the region’s cultural diversity.
  • Access to Remote Areas: Ölgii serves as a gateway for travelers exploring the remote and less-visited regions of western Mongolia. The city has an airport with flights connecting to the capital, Ulaanbaatar.



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